That depends on the type of therapy. Parents can be involved in many ways. It is always important for them to listen and be supportive. If you have concerns about not being involved enough or being too involved, bring this up with the therapist.

Group therapy is effective for many types of mental health challenges. Often children and youth are hesitant about meeting in a group setting. Try to encourage your child to go to the first session and just listen. Explain that they don’t have to share and be an active member of the group until they feel comfortable and safe there. Children and youth often end up really enjoying the process of connecting with peers and meeting others with similar struggles.

Psychologists (si col’ uh gists) have advanced training at the doctoral level. They study how we think, feel and behave, and use this knowledge to help people understand and change their thoughts, feelings, or behaviour. They can assess, diagnose and treat mental health conditions in children and youth. They may have training in the uses of medication to treat mental illness, but they do not prescribe medication. 

Psychiatrists (si ki’ uh trists) are medical doctors who have specialized in mental health. They can prescribe medication to help people manage their mental illness. Many psychiatrists also do psychotherapy. There are a limited number of child and youth psychiatrists in BC, and so other mental health providers deliver most of psychotherapy. The BC Medical Services Plan pays for visits to a psychiatrist and so there is no charge to patients.

Counsellors have a range of backgrounds. They may have a bachelor’s, master’s or doctoral level degree. People can say they are "counsellors" or "therapists," but they may or may not have training in the assessment or treatment of mental health challenges. Counsellors may be very knowledgeable, but law doesn’t allow them to diagnose mental health conditions.

The number of evidence-based psychotherapies that are available is increasing. The Effective Child Therapy website explains which types of therapy have evidence for specific problems.

There is evidence that CBT, DBT, IPT and family therapy are effective for a wide range of mental health challenges and disorders in children, youth, and adults. Other types of therapy have less research behind them but may still be helpful. For example, art therapy can be effective for children who have great difficulty talking about their problems. It is also possible to adapt an evidence-based therapy for a particular child.

It is the name for a group of therapies that help you make changes. This is most commonly “talk therapy”, which is based on verbal communication. Some examples are Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT), Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) and family therapy. It can also include non-verbal means of expression including art, play, mindfulness, and movement.

Psychotherapy can be effective if you are having difficulties with your feelings, thoughts, or behaviours. In therapy, children and youth may be encouraged to talk, play, draw, build and pretend, as ways to share feelings and work out problems. Psychotherapy can be used with individuals, families, or groups.