Eating disorders are complex. There is no evidence of one specific trigger that causes an eating disorder. Each youth is unique and there is likely a mixture of internal and external pressures, and genetic factors that play a part in the development an eating disorder. These may include the factors outlined below. Treatment can still work even if the cause of the eating disorder is unknown.

Some factors that may make it more likely for youth to develop an eating disorder include:

• Psycho-developmental factors:
  • Bodily changes (for example: puberty)
  • Life changes (for example: school, divorce, moving)
  • Sexual or gender identity factors including 2SLGBTQ+ youth
• Biological factors:
  • Family history of eating disorders
  • Genetics
  • Certain personality traits (for example: perfectionism)
• Sociocultural factors:
  • Peers
  • Involved in athletics
  • Media/diet culture
  • Family values
  • A history of trauma 

A youth may have a mixture of these factors. Even though genetic factors cannot be changed, there are actions that youth and family can do to increase resilience and lower the risk of an eating disorder.  Some factors in their environment can be changed to help the youth. For example, they could be get involved in activities that are less focused on body shape and size . Other factors can be used to lower the chances of developing an eating disorder like reducing stress or improving sleep. You can find more information on eating disorder prevention, here.